I-1.Inkqubo yokubumba ibandakanya ukusika izinto kwisayizi efunekayo, ukufudumeza, ukukhwabanisa, ukunyanga ukushisa, ukucocwa kunye nokuhlolwa. Kwi-manual-scale manual forging, yonke le misebenzi iqhutyelwa ngabasebenzi abaninzi be-forging ngezandla kunye nezandla kwindawo encinci. Bonke bachanabeke kwindawo efanayo eyingozi kunye neengozi zomsebenzi; Kwiindibano zocweyo ezinkulu zokubumba, iingozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yomsebenzi. Nangona iimeko zokusebenza zihluka ngokuxhomekeke kwifom yokubumba, babelana ngeempawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo: ukuqina okuphakathi komsebenzi womzimba, indawo eyomileyo neshushu ye-microclimate, ukuveliswa kwengxolo kunye nokungcangcazela, kunye nokungcoliswa komoya okubangelwa ngumsi.

2. Abasebenzi basesichengeni somoya wobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemitha ye-thermal, ekhokelela ekuqokeleleni kobushushu emizimbeni yabo. Ukudibanisa ubushushu kunye nobushushu be-metabolic kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye notshintsho lwe-pathological. Ukukhutshwa kokubila kweeyure ze-8 kuya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo encinci yegesi, ukunyanzeliswa komzimba, kunye neqondo lokuguquguquka kwe-thermal, ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-5 ilitha, okanye nangaphezulu. Kwiindibano zocweyo ezincinci zokubumba okanye kumgama ukusuka kwimithombo yobushushu, isalathiso soxinzelelo lobushushu sikaBeher sihlala siphakathi kwama-55 nama-95; Kodwa kwiindibano ezinkulu zokusebenzela, indawo yokusebenza kufuphi nesithando somlilo okanye umatshini wehamile unokuba phezulu njenge-150-190. Kulula ukubangela ukunqongophala kwetyuwa kunye nokutshisa ukushisa. Ngexesha elibandayo, ukubonakaliswa kweenguqu kwimeko ye-microclimate kunokukhuthaza ukuguquguquka kwayo kwinqanaba elithile, kodwa utshintsho olukhawulezayo noluqhelekileyo lunokubangela ingozi kwimpilo.

Ungcoliseko lomoya: Umoya okwindawo yokusebenza usenokuba nomsi, ikharbon monokside, ikharbon diokside, isulphur dioxide, okanye iacrolein, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo nokungacoceki kwamafutha eziko lokufudumeza, kwakunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, ukuhamba komoya kunye neemeko zokuphefumla. Ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela: Ihamile yokubumba ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuvelisa ingxolo ye-low-frequency kunye ne-vibration, kodwa kusenokubakho amacandelo aphezulu-frequency, kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo lwesandi phakathi kwe-95 kunye ne-115 ye-decibels. Ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi kwi-forging vibrations kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kweemvakalelo kunye nokusebenza, okunokunciphisa umthamo womsebenzi kwaye kuchaphazele ukhuseleko.