1. The ferrite
Ferrite ndeye interstitial yakasimba mhinduro inoumbwa nekabhoni yakanyungudika mu -Fe. Inowanzo kuratidzwa se kana F.Inochengetedza iyo yakawanda-centered cubic lattice structure ye alpha -Fe.Ferrite ine low carbon content, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi ari pedyo neaya esimbi yakachena, plastiki yakakwirira uye kuoma, uye kuderera kwesimba uye kuoma.
2. The austenite
Austenite is A interstitial solid solution ye carbon yakanyungudutswa mu -Fe, inowanzoratidzwa se kana A.Inochengetedza chiso-centered cubic lattice structure ye gamma-Fe.Austenite ine yakakwirira carbon solubility kupfuura ferrite, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi anoratidzwa nepurasitiki yakanaka, simba shoma, kuoma kwakaderera uye nyore nyore kushanduka kwepurasitiki.

3. Simende
Cementite inoumbwa nesimbi uye kabhoni, iyo kemikari yemakemikari inonzi Fe3C.Ine 6.69% kabhoni uye ine yakaoma crystal structure.Simentite ine yakanyanya kuoma, yakashata plastiki, inenge zero, uye yakaoma uye inoputika chikamu. alloys.
4. Pearlite
Pearlite inosanganiswa nemichina yeferrite uye cementite, kazhinji inoratidzwa neP. Ivhareji yekabhoni yepearlite ndeye 0.77%, uye maitiro ayo emagetsi ari pakati pe ferrite uye cementite, ane simba rakakwirira, kuoma kwepakati uye humwe plastiki.Nokurapa kwekupisa, simenti inogona kugoverwa mu granular fomu pane ferrite matrix. Rudzi urwu rwechimiro runodaidzwa kuti spherical pearlite, uye kuita kwayo kwakazara kuri nani.
5. Ledeburite
Leutenite is a mechanical musanganiswa we austenite uye cementite, kazhinji inoratidzwa seLd. Ivhareji yekabhoni yeLeutenite yaiva 4.3%.Kana yakanyoroveswa kusvika ku727 ℃, iyo austenite mu leustenite ichashandurwa kuita pearlite.Saka pasi pe727 ℃, leutenite inosanganisira pearlite, inonzi low low, leutenite, 'demensioni' uye demtenite. microstructure yeLeutenite inobva pane cementite, saka maitiro ayo emagetsi akaoma uye ane brittle.