1. Mtsinje
Ferrite ndi interstitial olimba njira yopangidwa ndi mpweya kusungunuka mu -Fe. Nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati kapena F.Imasunga chochulukira chochulukira chamtundu wa alpha -Fe.Ferrite ali ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amakina ali pafupi ndi chitsulo choyera, pulasitiki wapamwamba komanso kulimba, komanso mphamvu zochepa komanso kuuma.
2. The austenite
Austenite ndi A interstitial solid solution ya carbon kusungunuka mu -Fe, kawirikawiri amawonetsedwa ngati kapena A.Imasunga mawonekedwe a nkhope ya cubic lattice ya gamma-Fe.Austenite ali ndi carbon solubility yapamwamba kuposa ferrite, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amakina amadziwika ndi pulasitiki wabwino, mphamvu yochepa, kuuma kochepa komanso kupunduka kosavuta kwa pulasitiki.

3. Simenti
Cementite ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo ndi carbon, chomwe mankhwala ake ndi Fe3C ali ndi 6.69% ya carbon ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo ovuta kwambiri. Cementite imakhala ndi kuuma kwambiri, pulasitiki yosauka, pafupifupi ziro, ndipo ndi gawo lolimba komanso lowonongeka. aloyi.
4. Pearlite
Pearlite ndi makina osakaniza a ferrite ndi simenti, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ndi P. Pakatikati ya carbon carbon pearlite ndi 0,77%, ndipo makina ake amapangidwa pakati pa ferrite ndi simenti, ndi mphamvu zambiri, kuuma kwapakati ndi pulasitiki. Mtundu woterewu umatchedwa spherical pearlite, ndipo magwiridwe ake onse ndiabwinoko.
5. Ledeburite
Leutenite ndi makina osakaniza a austenite ndi simenti, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ngati Ld. The pafupifupi mpweya zili Leutenite anali 4.3%.Pamene utakhazikika kwa 727 ℃, ndi austenite mu leustenite adzasandulika pearlite. microstructure ya Leutenite imachokera ku simenti, kotero kuti makina ake ndi ovuta komanso osasunthika.