M'munda wa uinjiniya wa mapaipi, ma flanges, monga zida zolumikizira mapaipi, ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ntchito. Pakati pawo, ma flanges opangidwa ndi matako asanduka "zinthu za nyenyezi" m'mapaipi a mafakitale chifukwa cha ntchito zawo zabwino komanso zochitika zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito.

Welding flange, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti high khosi flange, ndi yapadera chifukwa khosi lalitali komanso lopendekeka lalitali limachoka pamalo owotcherera pakati pa flange ndi chitoliro (monga momwe tawonetsera pazithunzi). Kukonzekera kwanzeru kwa khosi lapamwambali sikuti kumangowonjezera kukhwima ndi mphamvu ya flange, komanso kumachepetsanso bwino kusokonezeka kwa nkhawa, kuonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika ndi kusindikiza kwa flange kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, kapena kutsika. Mapangidwe a dzenje lamkati ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa payipi, kupangitsa kuti kuwotcherera matako kukhale kosavuta, pomwe seam yozungulira imayenda mkati ndi kunja kwa flange, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yosindikiza.

Chifukwa cha ubwino wa mapangidwewa, ma flanges opangidwa ndi butt ndi oyenera makamaka pamapaipi othamanga kwambiri, otentha kwambiri, kapena otsika kwambiri m'mafakitale monga petroleum, mankhwala, ndi kupanga zombo. Ikhoza kupirira kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga ndi kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti payipi ikugwira ntchito mokhazikika. Pakadali pano, ma flanges otchingidwa ndi matako amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mapaipi onyamula zinthu zoyaka moto, zophulika, kapena zapoizoni, ndipo kusindikiza kwawo kodalirika kumapereka chitsimikizo champhamvu chamayendedwe otetezeka atolankhani.

Pankhani yamiyezo yopangira, ma flanges owotcherera a butt ayenera kutsatira zofunikira monga JB4726-4728. Malinga ndi zovuta zofananira ndi zida, magiredi opangira amayambira Sitandade I mpaka Sitandade III kuti awonetsetse kuti flange ikugwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito. Komanso, otsetsereka akunja a khosi la welded flange sayenera upambana 70 °. Tsatanetsatane wamapangidwewa amathandizira kuwongolera mosamalitsa magawo aukadaulo panthawi yopanga ndi kuwotcherera, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito ndi mtengo wa flange.