⑴ quenching surface:
Shin saman karfen ta hanyar saurin dumama zuwa zafin jiki mai mahimmanci a sama, amma zafi bai sami lokaci ba don yadawa zuwa ainihin kafin saurin sanyaya, ta yadda za'a iya kashe saman saman a cikin nama na martensitic, kuma ainihin bai sami canjin lokaci ba, wanda ke fahimtar tauraruwar saman da ainihin ba canzawa. Dace da matsakaici carbon karfe.

⑵ Maganin zafin jiki:
Yana nufin sinadaran kashi atom, tare da ikon atomic watsawa a high zafin jiki, shi a cikin surface Layer na workpiece, don canja sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kuma tsarin na surface Layer na workpiece, don cimma saman Layer na karfe tare da takamaiman bukatun na kungiyar da yi na wani zafi magani tsari. Dangane da nau'ikan abubuwan shigar da su, ana iya raba maganin zafin sinadarai zuwa carburizing, nitriding, cyanidation da dokar shigar ƙarfe.
Carburizing: Carburizing shine tsarin da carbon atom ke shiga saman Layer na karfe. Shin, kuma don yin low carbon karfe workpiece tare da high carbon karfe surface Layer, sa'an nan bayan quenching da kuma low zafin jiki tempering, sabõda haka, da surface Layer na workpiece yana da high taurin da kuma ci juriya, da kuma tsakiyar ɓangare na workpiece har yanzu kula da tauri da kuma plasticity na low carbon karfe.
Nitriding, ko nitriding, shine tsarin da saman Layer na karfe ke ratsa atom ɗin nitrogen. Manufar ita ce inganta taurin da kuma sa juriya na saman Layer da inganta ƙarfin gajiya da juriya na lalata. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da hanyar nitriding gas wajen samarwa.
Cyanidation, wanda kuma aka sani da carbonitriding, shine kutsawar carbon da nitrogen atom zuwa karfe. Yana sa saman karfe carburizing da nitriding halaye.
Shigar ƙarfe: yana nufin shigar atom ɗin ƙarfe cikin saman Layer na karfe. Shi ne don yin surface Layer na karfe alloying, domin ya sa workpiece surface yana da wasu gami karfe, musamman karfe halaye, kamar zafi juriya, sa juriya, hadawan abu da iskar shaka juriya, lalata juriya, da dai sauransu.