Daawaynta kulaylka ee foornada, sababtoo ah awoodda weyn ee foornada kuleylka iyo wakhtiga dheer ee daboolka, isticmaalka tamarta ayaa aad u weyn habka oo dhan, muddo dheer, sida loo badbaadiyo tamarta daaweynta kulaylka ee foornada waxay ahayd dhibaato adag.

Waxa loogu yeero "dahaadhka eber" deminta, waa in la tilmaamo kuleyliyaha been abuurka ah, oogada iyo xudunta u ah si ay u gaaraan heerkulka kululaynta demin, dahaarka lahayn, isla markiiba demin habka qaboojinta. Sida laga soo xigtay aragtida austenitic dhaqameed, been-abuurku waa in uu leeyahay waqti dheer dahaarka geeddi-socodka kululaynta, si ay u dhamaystiraan nucleation iyo korriinka ceeriin iyo dib-u-dhisidda, dib u soo celinta nucleation iyo kororka ceesidisuite. homogenization of austenitic.The hadda quenching iyo kuleylinta technology of forgings waxaa la soo saaray iyadoo la raacayo hanuuninta of theory. Marka la barbar dhigo habka deminta hadda, "eber ilaalinta kulaylka" deminta wakhtiga ilaalinta kulaylka loo baahan yahay by homogenization ee qaab-dhismeedka austenitic, ma aha oo kaliya badbaadin kara 20% -30% ee tamarta, laakiin sidoo kale hagaajin kartaa 20% -30% ee tamarta, laakiin 30% ee wax soo saarka. cilladaha oksaydhka, decarbonization, deformation iyo wixii la mid ah, taas oo ku habboon hagaajinta tayada alaabta.

Marka birta kaarboonka iyo birta aluminiumka ah ee hooseeya ayaa lagu kululeeyaa Ac1 ama Ac2, habka homogenization ee austenite iyo kala dirida carbides ee pearlite waa dhakhso.Marka cabbirka birta ay ka tirsan tahay qaybta khafiifka ah ee qaybta khafiifka ah, xisaabinta wakhtiga kuleylka uma baahna in la tixgeliyo kuleylka kuleylka, taas oo ah, si loo gaaro eber daaqsinka kuleylka kuleylka ah ee dhumucdiisuna waxay tahay 4 marka loo eego dhumucda birta 4. 100mm, kuleylinta foornada hawada, heerkulka dusha sare iyo xudunta ayaa ku dhow in la gaaro isla waqti isku mid ah, sidaas darteed waqtigeeda labbiska ah waa la iska indho tiri karaa, marka la barbar dhigo habka wax soo saarka dhaqameed ee (r=aD) oo leh isugeynta kuleylka weyn, waxaa lagu dhimi karaa ku dhawaad ​​20% -25% deminta wakhtiga kuleylka.

Falanqaynta aragtida iyo natiijooyinka tijaabada ah waxay muujinayaan in ay suurtagal tahay in la qaato "dahaarka eber" ee deminta iyo caadiga ah kuleylinta birta qaab dhismeedka. Gaar ahaan, 45, 45 mn2 kaarboon qaabdhismeedka birta ama hal element bir qaabdhismeed alloy, isticmaalka habka "eber daboolka" hubin kara sifooyinka farsamada ee shuruudaha; of "dahaarka eber" kululaynta ka badan kulaylka dhaqameed badbaadin karaa wakhtiga kulaylka ee ku saabsan 50%, wadarta kaydka tamarta ee 10% -15%, hagaajinaysaa waxtarka 20% -30%, isla mar ahaantaana "dahaadhka eber" habka deminta waxay ka caawisaa sifaynta hadhuudhka, hagaajinta xoogga.

(laga bilaabo: 168 been abuur ah net)