Forgingsmushure mekudzima, martensite uye kuchengetwa austenite haina kugadzikana, vane sangano rinongoerekana rava shanduko kune kugadzikana, senge supersaturated kabhoni mumartensite kukonzeresa yakasara austenite kuora kuitira kusimudzira shanduko, senge kushatirwa isangano risiri requilibrium kuenzanisa maitirwo esangano uye kupatsanurwa kwemaitiro ako pamwe chete. akapedza tembiricha yemoto yakakwira, iyo inokurumidza kupararira velocity; Kusiyana neizvi, nekuwedzera kwekudziya tembiricha, iyo yekudzima dhizaini yefogi ichaita shanduko dzakateedzana. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro eiyo microstructure shanduko, kupisa kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita nhanho ina: martensite decomposition, residual austenite decomposition, carbide accumulation kukura uye ferrite recrystallization.
Danho rekutanga (200)
(1) forgingKupisa martensite kunoora pasi pe80 tembiricha inopisa, kudzima simbi pasina Ming S sangano shanduko, kuitika kwekabhoni mumartensite chete chikamu, uye hapana anotanga kuputsa mukati me80-200 tempering, martensite inotanga kuora, inonangidzira yakavanzika carbides, inoderedza chikamu chemazana chemartensite mune kabhoni inokonzeresa, kukonzeresa tembiricha inotonhora, inokonzeresa tembiricha iyi. ye supersaturated kabhoni maatomu, saka ichiri kabhoni mune - Fe supersaturated solid solutionKunaya kwecarbide yakanaka kwazvo inogovera zvakafanana mumatrix emartensite. Iyo yakasanganiswa chimiro cheyakadzika saturation Martensite uye yakanyanya kunaka carbide inonzi tempered Martensite.

(2)forgingkudziya muchikamu chechipiri (200-300), iyo yakasara austenite kuora apo tembiricha yakakwira kusvika 200-300, kuora kwemartensite kwakaenderera mberi, asi shanduko huru ndeyekusara kweaustenite kuparara kweiyo yakasara austenite kuora kwaive kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwekabhoni maatomu kuita chikamu chechikamu uye chikamu chechikamu chechikamu, uye chikamu chechikamu chechikamu, uye chikamu chechikamu che carphase chikamu chechikamu uye chikamu chechikamu. kuumbwa kwe bainite simbi kuoma hakusi pachena kuderera panguva ino
(3)Danho rechitatu (250-400) carbide shanduko yefoging tempering iri mune iyi tembiricha renji. Nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya, Carbon atomu yekuparadzira kugona kwakasimba, kugona kwekuparadzira kudzoreredza maatomu esimbi zvakare, martensite inoodza shanduko yemvura inonaya carbides uye yakasara austenite kuora ichashandurwa kuita simende yakagadzikana nekuparadzaniswa uye kushandurwa kwecarbides, kudzikira kwemartensite muine kabhoni dhizaini, martensite inopera, martensite inonyangarika, martensite inopera. ferrite, tora ferritic matrix kugovera mukati mediki granular kana lamellar simenti yesangano, sangano rakanzi tempering rakabvisa ichi chikamu austenite quenching kushushikana, kuoma, kusimba kwepurasitiki kwakavandudzwa.

(4)Nhanho yechina yekugadzira tempering (& GT; 400) yakakura carbide yakaunganidzwa uye recrystallization ye ferrite nekuda kwekudziya tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, kabhoni neatomu esimbi vane simba rakasimba rekupararira, chikamu chechitatu chekugadzirwa kwecementite flakes kucharamba kuchiita spheroidizing uye kukura mune anopfuura 500-600, alpha pepa recrystal rinopera zvishoma nezvishoma. polygon kugoverwa kwezviyo pasangano se ferritic matrix granular carbides, boka rainzi tempering sorbite tempered sorbite ine yakanaka yakazara ma mechanical echikamu uye lattice kukanganisa kunobvisa kushushikana kwemukati.

(kubva pa168 yekuumba mambure)