Zopangirapambuyo kuzimitsidwa, martensite ndi anasungidwa austenite ndi wosakhazikika, ali mowiriza bungwe kusintha mchitidwe kukhazikika, monga supersaturated mpweya mu martensite kuti precipitate otsalira austenite kuwola pofuna kulimbikitsa kusuntha, monga kupsya mtima ndi sanali Equilibrium bungwe kulinganiza ndondomeko za bungwe ndi digfusion ndi kusamuka kwa bungwe ndi kusamuka pamodzi. anamaliza kutentha moto ndi apamwamba, mofulumira kufalitsa liwiro; M'malo mwake, ndi kuwonjezeka tempering kutentha, quenching dongosolo la forgings adzakumana angapo kusintha. Malinga ndi momwe kusintha kwa microstructure, kutentha kumagawidwa m'magawo anayi: kuwonongeka kwa martensite, kuwonongeka kotsalira kwa austenite, kukula kwa carbide ndi recrystallization ya ferrite.
Gawo loyamba (200)
(1) kupangakutentha martensite kuwola pansi pa 80 kutentha kutentha, kuzimitsa zitsulo popanda Ming S bungwe kusintha, zimachitika mpweya mu martensite chabe tsankho, ndipo palibe amayamba kusweka mu 80-200 kutentha, martensite akuyamba kuwola, precipitate wochenjera kwambiri carbides, kuchepetsa misa kagawo ka martensite mu mlengalenga forginging gawo lotsika, kutentha kwa mlengalenga chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mlengalenga, kutentha kwa mlengalenga, kutentha kwa mpweya, kutentha kwa mpweya. maatomu a carbon supersaturated, kotero akadali kaboni mu - Fe supersaturated solid solutionMvula ya carbide yabwino kwambiri imagawira mofanana mu matrix a martensite. Mapangidwe osakanikirana a Martensite otsika kwambiri komanso carbide yabwino kwambiri amatchedwa tempered Martensite.

(2)kupangakutentha mu gawo lachiwiri (200-300), otsalira austenite kuwonongeka pamene kutentha ananyamuka kwa 200-300, kuwonongeka kwa martensite anapitiriza, koma kusintha kwakukulu ndi yotsalira austenite kuwonongeka kwa otsalira austenite kuvunda anali kupyolera mu kukula kwa maatomu mpweya kupanga gawo ndi gawo losakanikirana ndi gulu la carphade, ndi gawo la gulu la carphade mapangidwe bainite zitsulo kuuma si mwachionekere kuchepa pa siteji iyi
(3)Gawo lachitatu (250-400) kusintha kwa carbide kwa kutenthetsa kutentha kuli mumtundu uwu wa kutentha. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, mphamvu ya kufalikira kwa ma atomu a Carbon ndi yamphamvu, kufalikira kwa maatomu achitsulo komanso, martensite kuwola kusintha kwa mpweya wa carbides ndi kuwonongeka kotsalira kwa austenite kudzasinthidwa kukhala simenti yokhazikika yolekanitsa ndi kusinthika kwa carbides, kuchepa kwa martensite mu carbonate martensite martensite distriction, martensite martensite distriction, martensite martens, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite, martensite atha. ferrite, kupeza ferritic masanjidwewo kugawa mkati yaing'ono granular kapena lamellar simenti ya bungwe, bungwe lotchedwa tempering kwenikweni anathetsa gawoli austenite quenching nkhawa, kuuma, plasticity kulimba anali bwino.

(4)Gawo lachinayi la forging tempering (& GT; 400) anakulira carbide anasonkhana ndi recrystallization wa ferrite chifukwa tempering kutentha ndi mkulu kwambiri, mpweya ndi chitsulo maatomu ndi mphamvu ya kuchuluka, gawo lachitatu mapangidwe cementite flakes adzakhala mosalekeza spheroidizing ndipo anakulira mu zoposa 500-600, alpha pepala la crystallisation Mzere kapena mawonekedwe a crystal ferrite, pepala recrystall kutayika pang'onopang'ono. polygon tirigu kugawa pa bungwe monga ferritic masanjidwewo granular carbides, gulu lotchedwa tempering sorbite tempered sorbite ndi zabwino mabuku mawotchi katundu wa gawo ndi lattice kupotoza kuthetsa nkhawa mkati.

(kuyambira 168 kukopa ukonde)