Forgingslẹhin quenching, martensite ati idaduro austenite jẹ riru, won ni a lẹẹkọkan agbari transformation aṣa si iduroṣinṣin, gẹgẹ bi awọn supersaturated erogba ni martensite to precipitate péye austenite jijera ni ibere lati se igbelaruge awọn naficula, gẹgẹ bi awọn fun tempering tempering ni a ti kii-iwọntunwọnsi agbari. lati dọgbadọgba awọn ilana ti ajo, ilana yi dale lori awọn atomiki ijira ati tan kaakiri ti yi ašẹ paapọ pẹlu rẹ pari awọn ina otutu jẹ ti o ga, awọn yiyara tan kaakiri ere sisa; Lori awọn ilodi si, pẹlu awọn ilosoke ti tempering otutu, awọn quenching be ti forgings yoo. faragba kan lẹsẹsẹ ti ayipada.Ni ibamu si awọn ipo ti microstructure transformation, tempering ti wa ni gbogbo pin si mẹrin awọn ipele: martensite jijera, iyokù austenite didenukole, carbide ikojọpọ idagbasoke ati ferrite recrystallization.
Ipele akọkọ (200)
(1) ayederutempering martensite decompose labẹ 80 otutu tempering, quenching irin lai Ming S agbari transformation, awọn iṣẹlẹ ti erogba ni martensite nikan apa kan, ko si si bẹrẹ lati ya lulẹ ni 80-200 tempering, martensite bẹrẹ lati decompose, precipitate lalailopinpin abele carbides, din awọn ibi-ida ti martensite ni erogba forgings ni yi ipele, nitori awọn kekere tempering otutu, martensitic ojoriro nikan ni ara ti supersaturated erogba awọn ọta, ki o jẹ ṣi awọn erogba ni a - Fe supersaturated ri to ojutuThe ojoriro ti gidigidi itanran carbide iṣọkan sepin ninu awọn matrix. ti martensite.Eto idapọmọra ti Martensite saturation kekere ati carbide ti o dara pupọ ni a pe ni tempered Martensite.

(2)ayederutempering ni awọn ipele keji (200-300), awọn iyokù austenite jijera nigbati awọn iwọn otutu si dide si 200-300, awọn jijera ti martensite tesiwaju, ṣugbọn awọn ti ako ayipada jẹ péye austenite jijera ti awọn iyokù austenite didenukole wà nipasẹ awọn imugboroosi ti erogba awọn ọta. lati dagba agbegbe apa kan, ati lẹhinna decomposed sinu ipele alpha ati idapọ ti agbari carbide, eyun dida ti líle irin bainite ko han gbangba pe o dinku ni ipele yii.
(3)Awọn kẹta ipele (250-400) carbide transformation ti forging tempering ni yi iwọn otutu ibiti.Nitori iwọn otutu ti o ga, agbara itọka atomiki erogba ni okun sii, agbara itankale lati gba awọn ọta irin pada, martensite decompose iyipada ti awọn carbides ojoriro ati jijẹ austenite ti o ku yoo yipada si cementite iduroṣinṣin to jo pẹlu ipinya ati iyipada ti awọn carbides, idinku ti martensite ni erogba ibi-ida, martensite latissi iparun farasin, martensitic transformation fun ferrite, gba ferritic matrix pinpin laarin awọn kekere granular tabi lamellar cementite ti agbari, ajo ti a npe ni tempering besikale eliminated yi alakoso austenite quenching wahala, líle, plasticity toughness ti a dara si.

(4)Awọn kẹrin ipele ti forging tempering (& GT; 400) dagba soke carbide jọ ati recrystallization ti ferrite nitori tempering otutu jẹ gidigidi ga, erogba ati irin awọn ọta ni lagbara agbara ti afikun, kẹta alakoso Ibiyi ti cementite flakes yoo continuously spheroidizing ati ki o dagba. soke ni diẹ ẹ sii ju 500-600, Alpha recrystallization waye maa, padanu ferrite mofoloji ti atilẹba rinhoho awo tabi dì, ati ki o dagba polygon ọkà pinpin lori ajo bi a ferritic matrix granular carbides, awọn ẹgbẹ ti a npe ni tempering sorbite tempered sorbite pẹlu ti o dara okeerẹ darí. awọn ohun-ini ti alakoso ati iparun lattice imukuro aapọn inu.

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