Ukuqina kunye nokuqina zizalathisi zokusebenza ezibonisa isakhono sokucimaforgings, kwaye zikwasisiseko esibalulekileyo sokukhetha nokusebenzisa imathiriyeli.Ukuba lukhunibobona bunzima obukhulu aukwenzainokufikelela phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo.Eyona nto iphambili imisela iqondo lokuqinaukwenzangumxholo wekhabhoni weukwenza, okanye ngokuchanekileyo umxholo wekhabhoni wesisombululo esiqinileyo kwi-austenite ngexesha lokucima kunye nokufudumala. Ukuphakama komxholo wekhabhoni, ukuphakama kweqondo lokuqiniswa kwentsimbi kuya kuba.Nangona izinto ezixutywayo kwintsimbi zinempembelelo encinci ekuqineni kwentsimbi, zinempembelelo enkulu ekuqineni kwentsimbi.
Ubunzima luphawu olumisela ubunzulu kunye nobulukhuni bokusabalalisa intsimbi eqinile phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo.Oko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukufumana ubunzulu bomgangatho owenziwe lukhuni xa intsimbi iqinile, eyipropathi engokwemvelo yensimbi.Ukuqina okwenene kubonisa ukukhululeka apho i-austenite inokuguqulwa ibe yi-martensite xa intsimbi icinyiwe. izinga lokupholisa ngaphakathiintsimbi ebunjiweyo.

Emva kokucima, isakhiwo se-metallographic kunye neengqungquthela zokusabalalisa ubunzima zibonwa kwicandelo elinqamlezayo lendawo yokupholisa. Umgca wecandelo i-martensite kwaye intsalela yahlulwe kwiindawo ezingezizo ze-Martensite, oko kukuthi, isakhiwo ngaphambi kokucima.Inokubonwa kumfanekiso ukuba ummandla we-martensite wentsimbi yentsimbi ngasekunene unzulu, ngoko ukuqina kwayo kubhetele, ubunzima be-martensite bezinto ezisekhohlo ziphezulu, oko kukuthi, ukuqina kubhetele. lolona luphezulu, kwaye isantya sokupholisa siyehla njengoko iziko lifikelela kwiziko. Ukuba isantya sokupholisa somphezulu kunye nombindi we-forging mkhulu kunesantya esibalulekileyo sokupholisa sokwenza intsimbi, isakhiwo se-martensite sinokufumaneka kunye necandelo lonke lokubumba, oko kukuthi, i-forging yensimbi ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo.Ukuba inxalenye ephakathi ingaphantsi kweqondo lokupholisa elibalulekileyo, i-martensite ifunyenwe kumphezulu kwaye i-non-Martensitic tissue ifunyenwe entliziyweni, ebonisa ukuba i-steel ayibonisi.
Kwimveliso, ukuqina okusebenzayo kwentsimbiforgingsidla ngokubonakaliswa ngobunzulu bomaleko wokuqina osebenzayo, oko kukuthi, umgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumphezulu olinganisiweyo ukuya kuma-50% (iqhezu lomthamo) we-martensite. Kwakhona kuluncedo ukulinganisa umgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya kubunzima obuchaziweyo ukubonisa ubunzulu bomaleko wokuqina osebenzayo.
Ukuhanjiswa kweendawo zoomatshini amandla emva kokucima kunye nokuthobaforgingsngobunzima obahlukeneyo buboniswa kumzobo.Ukuqina okuphezulu kweempawu zayo zoomatshini ecaleni kwecandelo lomnqamlezo kukwabiwa okufanayo, kunye nokucima ukungena kweempawu eziphantsi, eziphantsi zomatshini wentliziyo, ukuqina kuphantsi.Oku kungenxa yokuba emva kokucaphuka.izixhobo zentsimbingokuqina okuphezulu, ulwakhiwo lwazo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi lunomsindo wegranular Soxhlet, ene-bremsstrahlability ephezulu, ngelixa intsimbi enokuqina okuphantsi ine-flaccid ferrite entliziyweni yayo, ene-bremsstrahlability ephantsi.
(ukusuka kwi-duan168.com)