Ukuqina nokuqina yizinkomba zokusebenza ezibonisa ikhono lokucishaama-forgings, futhi ziyisisekelo esibalulekile sokukhetha nokusebenzisa izinto zokwakha.Ukuqinaubukhulu ubulukhuni ukuthi aukuqambaingafinyelela ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle.Isici esiyinhloko esinquma izinga lokuqina leukuqambaokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yeukuqamba, noma ngokunembile okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yesisombululo esiqinile ku-austenite ngesikhathi sokucisha nokushisa. Uma izinga lekhabhoni liphezulu, izinga lokuqina lensimbi liyoba phezulu.Nakuba izakhi ze-alloying ensimbi zinethonya elincane ekuqineni kwensimbi, zinethonya elikhulu ekuqineni kwensimbi.
Ukuqina kuyisici esinquma ukujula nokusabalalisa kokuqina kwensimbi eqinile ngaphansi kwezimo ezicacisiwe.Okungukuthi, ikhono lokuthola ukujula kwesendlalelo esiqinile lapho insimbi iqinisiwe, okuyimpahla engokwemvelo yensimbi.I-Hardenability empeleni ibonisa ukukhululeka lapho i-austenite ingaguqulwa ibe yi-martensite lapho insimbi icinywa.Ihlobene ngokuyinhloko ne-supercooled steel or quenchi stability. izinga lokupholisa ngaphakathiinsimbi eyakhiwe.

Ngemva kokucisha, ukwakheka kwe-metallographic kanye namajika okusabalalisa ubulukhuni kubonakala engxenyeni ephambene yendawo yokupholisa. Umugqa wesigaba uyi-martensite kanti ingxenye esele ihlukaniswe yaba izindawo ezingezona ze-Martensite, okungukuthi, isakhiwo ngaphambi kokucisha.Kungabonakala emfanekisweni ukuthi isifunda se-martensite sebha yensimbi ngakwesokudla sijulile, ngakho ukuqina kwayo kungcono, ukuqina kwe-martensite kwesobunxele kuphezulu, okungukuthi, ukuqina kungcono. yiyona ephezulu, futhi isivinini sokupholisa siyehla njengoba isikhungo sifika phakathi nendawo. Uma ijubane lokupholisa lendawo kanye nesikhungo sokupholisa sikhulu kunejubane elibalulekile lokupholisa lensimbi, isakhiwo se-martensite singatholakala kuso sonke isigaba sokubumba, okungukuthi, ukubumba kwensimbi kucinywe ngokuphelele.
Ekukhiqizeni, ukuqina okusebenzayo kwensimbiama-forgingsngokuvamile kuvezwa ukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo, okungukuthi, ibanga eliqondile ukusuka endaweni elinganiselwe ukuya ku-50% (ingxenye yevolumu) ye-martensite.Kuyasiza futhi ukukala ibanga eliqondile ukusuka phezulu ukuya ebulukhunini obucacisiwe ukukhombisa ukujula kongqimba oluqinile olusebenzayo.Isibonelo, ukujula kokuqina kokungeniswa (DS) kanye nokujula kokwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali (DC) kulinganiswa ngobulukhuni obubekiwe ukusuka endaweni eqondile ukuya endaweni eqondile.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezingxenye zemishini zamandla ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa kweama-forgingsenobunzima obuhlukene buboniswa emfanekisweni.Ukuqina okuphezulu kwezakhiwo zayo zemishini eduze kwesigaba esiphambanayo ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo, kanye nokucisha ukungena kwezakhiwo eziphansi, eziphansi zemishini yenhliziyo, ukuqina kuphansi.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngemva kokucasuka.izinsimbi zensimbingokuqina okuphezulu, ukwakheka kwawo kusuka phezulu kuya ngaphakathi kuyi-granular tempered Soxhlet, ene-bremsstrahlability ephezulu, kuyilapho insimbi enokuqina okuphansi ine-ferrite e-flaccid enhliziyweni yayo, ene-bremsstrahlability ephansi.
(kusuka ku-duan168.com)